Applications and limitations from the marine terraces, estuaries, to hadal trenches have been summarized to each technique in the study of Quaternary marine geoscience extending from the Anthropocene through the Pleistocene. These are (1) radioisotope dating with different half-lives using natural nuclides of 234Th, 210Pb, 230Th, and 226Ra, cosmogenic nuclides of 7Be, 14C, 10Be, 32Si, 26Al, 36Cl and 21Ne, and the artificial radionuclides of 137Cs, 239, 240Pu, 241Am and 129I that have been induced by atmospheric nuclear tests, accidents in nuclear plants, and discharges of radioactive wastes (2) radiation exposure dating of luminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) dating and (3) stratigraphic dating of δ 18O and paleomagnetic sequence. In this review, we first briefly summarized the common methods of absolute dating and relative dating. With the continuing technological and methodological advances in different methods over the past few decades, an up-to-date comparison of the pros and cons of each dating methodology is needed to clearly understand their applications in marine geoscience research. Previous reviews or studies have focused mainly on one or two methodologies, and their applications in one specific environment. Dating methodologies for Quaternary marine sediments play increasingly important roles in the reconstruction of paleoenvironments and paleoclimate in (paleo)oceanography.
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